Wednesday, October 10, 2007

Poultry Industry In US, Juxtaposed with the Indian Market








USA

In America’s poultry industry today, family farmers work with production and processing companies to provide consumers with tasty, nutritious, and economical food. Poultry is the number-one protein purchased by American consumers, at more than 100 pounds per year for every man, woman and child. Clearly the poultry industry is selling what America wants.

The meat and poultry industry employs millions of people, directly and indirectly, from small town farms and rural production facilities to retail centers and distribution operations in cities and suburbs across the country.

Today, independent farmers working under contract with integrated chicken and turkey production and processing companies produce the vast majority of chickens and turkeys raised for human consumption in the United States.

The system provides many farmers an additional source of income outside crop farming. For 40 years, the system has kept tens of thousands of families on small farms who otherwise would have had to leave agriculture altogether.

A typical farm will gross about $50,000 to $75,000 per year from poultry (about $25,000 per house). In fact, the system works so well, most companies have waiting lists of people who want to become growers and lists of existing farmers who want to add capacity by building
more houses.

Contribution to U.S. Economy:

Agriculture is the largest sector of the U.S. economy - responsible for 2.5 percent of our gross domestic product, according to USDA's Economic Research Service. And as the largest part of that sector, the meat and poultry industries contribute mightily to the U.S. economy Jobs, domestic sales and exports all help drive the U.S. economy.


INDIA

Poultry is one of the fastest growing segments of the agricultural sector in India today. While the production of agricultural crops has been rising at a rate of 1.5 to 2 percent per annum, that of eggs and broilers has been rising at a rate of 8 to 10 percent per annum. As a result, India is now the world's fifth largest egg producer and the eighteenth largest producer of broilers. Driving this expansion are a combination of factors - growth in per capita income, a growing urban population and falling real poultry prices.

Exports of poultry products from India comprise table eggs, meat, live birds and value-added products such as egg powder and frozen yolk. The value of aggregated exports was Rs. 1,683 million in 1996-97. Exports were expected to reach the level of Rs. 5 billion by the year 2000.

Even though India is the world's fifth largest egg producer and the eighteenth largest producer of broilers, its per capita consumption of these products is poor - 37 eggs and 1 kg. of poultry meat per capita per annum. Here, again, there is considerable variation in per capita consumption between rural and urban areas and also across the region. Per capita consumption of eggs is only 7.7 per annum in rural areas compared with 17.8 per annum in urban areas. In seven states, per capita consumption is less than 3.5 per annum. Similarly, per capita consumption of poultry meat is 0.24 kg. in rural areas and 1.08 kg. in urban areas.

The structure of India's poultry industry varies from region to region. While independent and relatively small-scale producers account for the bulk of production, integrated large-scale producers do account for a growing share of output in some regions. Integrators include large regional firms that incorporate all aspects of production, including the raising of grandparent and parent flocks, rearing DOCs, contracting production, compounding feed, providing veterinary services, and wholesaling.

No comments: